cocci cocci cocci cocci cocci cocci cocci cocci cocci cocci cocci
coccus diplococci staphylococci=grape streptococci=line sacrina tetrad
bacilli bacilli bacilli bacilli bacilli bacilli bacilli bacilli bacilli
coccobacillus bacillus diplobacilli streptobacilli
spiral spiral spiral spiral spiral spiral spiral spiral spiral
vibrio spirillum spirochete
glycocalyx = capsule or slime layer
peptidoglycan = murein
N-acetylmuramic acid N-acetylmuramic acid N-acetylmuramic acid
N-acetylglucosamine N-acetylglucosamine N-acetylglucosamine
archaeal cell walls
pseudomurein methanochondroitin glycoprotein S-layer
teichoic acid teichoic acid teichoic acid teichoic acid teichoic acid
glycerol-phosphate = ribitol-phosphate
lipopolysaccharide lipopolysaccharide lipopolysaccharide lipopolysaccharide
genetic recombination
transformation via environment transduction via phage conjugation
F factor = F plasmid
obligate aerobe obligate anaerobe facultative anaerobe aerotolerant anaerobe
heterocyst = Anabaena nitrogen-fixing cell
akinete akinete akinete akinete akinete akinete
alpha proteobacteria
Rhizobium Agrobacterium Rhizobium Agrobacterium Rhizobium
beta proteobacteria
Nitrosomonas Nitrosomonas Nitrosomonas Nitrosomonas
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Neisseria gonorrhoeae Neisseria gonorrhoeae
gamma proteobacteria
sulfer bacteria = Chromatium pathogens = Legionella Samonella Vibrio cholerae Escherichia coli
Chromatium Chromatium Legionella Legionella Legionella Salmonella Salmonella Vibrio cholerae Vibrio cholerae Vibrio cholerae Escherichia coli Escherichia coli Escherichia coli
delta proteobacteria
myxobacteria myxobacteria myxobacteria myxobacteria
epsilon proteobacteria
Campylobacter Helicobacter pylori Campylobacter Helicobacter pylori
chlamydias
Chlamydia trachomatis Chlamydia trachomatis Chlamydia trachomatis
nongonococcal urethritis nongonococcal urethritis
spirochetes
Treponema pallidum Treponema pallidum Treponema pallidum
syphilis syphilis syphilis syphilis syphilis syphilis
Borrelia burgdorferi Borrelia burgdorferi Borrelia burgdorferi
Lyme disease Lyme disease Lyme disease Lyme disease
Leptospira Leptospira Leptospira Leptospira Leptospira Leptospira
leptospirosis leptospirosis leptospirosis leptospirosis leptospirosis
cyanobacteria
Oscillatoria Oscillatoria Oscillatoria Oscillatoria Oscillatoria
Anabaena Anabaena Anabaena Anabaena Anabaena Anabaena
Nostoc Nostoc Nostoc Nostoc Nostoc Nostoc Nostoc
gram-positive bacteria
Actinomycetes Actinomycetes Actinomycetes Actinomycetes
Bacillus anthracis Bacillus anthracis Bacillus anthracis
anthrax anthrax anthrax anthrax anthrax
Clostridium botulinum Clostridium botulinum Clostridium botulinum
botulism botulism botulism botulism botulism
Staphylococcus Staphylococcus Staphylococcus Staphylococcus
Streptococcus Streptococcus Streptococcus Streptococcus
Streptomyces Streptomyces Streptomyces Streptomyces
Mycoplasma Mycoplasma Mycoplasma Mycoplasma
Lactobacillus Lactobacillus Lactobacillus Lactobacillus
extremophile extremophile extremophile extremophile
halophile halophile halophile halophile halophile halophile
thermophile thermophile thermophile thermophile
methanogen methanogen methanogen methanogen
CHF requires severe heart disease that increases the resting (diastolic) cardiac pressure. For example, diseases that cause leakage of valves (mitral or tricuspid valve disease) can result in CHF if the leak is big enough. Cardiomyopathies also cause the resting cardiac pressure to increase and result in CHF. Pericardial diseases can prevent the heart from relaxing and stretching properly, which can result in right sided CHF. Heart worm diseases can cause right-sided CHF. Many congenital defects that shunt blood can result in CHF (e.g., patent ductus ateriosus, ventricular or atrial septal defects. Importantly, congenital diseases that obstruct outflow from the heart, such as pulmonic stenosis or aortic stenosis, do not normally cause CHF.
CHF occurs because the pressure in the veins and capillaries draining into the diseased side of the heart increases to the point that fluid leaks out of the veins and capillaries. The capillaries and veins that drain into the left side of the heart are those coming from the lungs, so fluid leaks into the lungs. The capillaries and veins that drain into the right side of the heart are those coming from the body, so fluid leaks into the belly (ascites) or creates swelling in the legs, the skin under the belly, etc.; swelling of the legs or the skin is uncommon in dogs and cats with right sided CHF, but much more common in humans and horses.
It can be useful to think of this like a garden soaker hose. If water is flowing though the hose under low pressure, only a little bit of water leaks through the soaker hose. However, if we increase the pressure inside the hose, water starts to emerge from the soaker hose at a much greater rate and floods your garden. The same happens with the capillaries - under low pressure, only a little fluid leaks out of them (and resorbed). But if the pressure is too high, a large volume of fluid leaks out into the surrounding tissue an overwhelms the resorption mechanisms.
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the clinical syndrome of fluid retention due to severe heart disease. In dogs and cats, the fluid is retained in specific parts of the body, depending on the side of the heart that is diseased. If the left side of the heart is diseased, (e.g. mitral valve disease, most dilated cardiomyopathies, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and most common congenital cardiac defects), fluid is mostly retained in the lungs or within the pleural cavity (the chest space around the lungs). If the right side of the heart is diseased, fluid is retained mostly in the belly or within the pleural cavity.
The usual treatment for pyometra is surgical removal of the uterus and ovaries. It is crucial that the infected uterine contents do not spill and that no excess bleeding occurs. The surgery is challenging, especially if the patient is toxic. Antibiotics are given at the same time of surgery and may or may not be continued after the uterus is removed. Pain relievers are often needed post-operatively. A few days of hospitalization are typically needed after the surgery is performed. It is especially important that the ovaries be removed to prevent future hormonal influence on any small stumps of the uterus that might be left behind. If any portion of the ovary is left, the patient will continue to experience heat cycles and be vulnerable to recurrence. While the end result of pyometra surgery is a spayed dog, there is nothing routine about a pyometra spay. As noted, the surgery is challenging and the patient is in a life-threatening situation. For these reasons, the pyometra spay typically costs five to ten times as much as a routine spay.
There are two forms of pyometra: "open" and "closed", with open being the most common. With an open pyometra, the cervix is open, allowing for pus to drain outside of the body. Because the pus can drain, the patient is usually not as sick, plus with the noticeable smelly vaginal discharge, the patient will likely be seen by the vet sooner. With a closed pyometra, the cervix is closed, anthe toxic pus is held within the body. Diagnosis is trickier without the obvious discharge, and the patient will be sicker from the toxins. Lab work shows a pattern typical of widespread infection that is often helpful in narrowing down the diagnosis. Radiographs may show a gigantic distended uterus, though sometimes this not obvious, and ultrasound is needed to confirm the diagnosis.
The word pyometra is derived from the Latin "pyo", meaning pus, and "metra", meaning uterus. A pyometra is an abscessed, pus-filled, infected uterus. Toxins and bacteria leak across the uterine walls and into the bloodstream, causing life-threatening toxic effects. The uterus dies, releasing large amounts of pus and dead tissue into the abdomen. Without treatment, death is inevitable. Preventing this disease is one of the main reasons for routinely spaying female dogs. Classically, the patient is an older female dog. Usually, she has finished a heat cycle in the previous 1 to 2 months.. She has a poor appetite and may be vomiting or drinking an excessive amount of water.
capsid capsid capsid capsid capsid capsid capsid capsid
capsomere capsomere capsomere capsomere capsomere
nucleocapsid nucleocapsid nucleocapsid nucleocapsid
peplomer peplomer peplomer peplomer peplomer
icosahedral icosahedral icosahedral icosahedral icosahedral
helical helical helical helical helical helical helical helical
complex complex complex complex complex complex
obligate intracellular parasite obligate intracellular parasite
attachment penetration uncoating replication assembly release
bacteriophage bacteriophage bacteriophage bacteriophage
lytic cycle lytic cycle lytic cycle virulent phage virulent phage
lysogenic cycle lysogenic cycle temperate phage temperate phage
prophage = integrated viral dna
CRISPR-Cas system CRISPR-Cas system CRISPR-Cas system
hemagglutinin hemagglutinin hemagglutinin hemagglutinin
neuraminidase neuraminidase neuraminidase neuraminidase
human immunodeficiency virus human immunodeficiency virus
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
prion = proteinaceous infectious agent
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Creutzfeldt-Jakob Creutzfeldt-Jakob
anagenesis anagenesis anagenesis anagenesis anagenesis
cladogenesis cladogenesis cladogenesis cladogenesis
derived trait ancestral trait
apomorphy apomorphy apomorphy apomorphy apomorphy
plesiomorphy plesiomorphy plesiomorphy plesiomorphy
synapomorphy synapomorphy synapomorphy synapomorphy
autapomorphy autapomorphy autapomorphy autapomorphy
homoplasy homoplasy homoplasy homoplasy homoplasy homoplasy
homology homology homology homology homology homology
analogy analogy analogy analogy analogy analogy analogy
parsimony parsimony parsimony parsimony parsimony parsimony
1. iPhone Air is one having one camera like old ones.
2. iPhone 17 Pro Max is used commonly in Orange color instead of other colors.
3. The phone is lagging hardly due to iOS 26.
4. It is boycott and it supports Israel hardly.
usual salad has hug laugh rush us lurk radar rural shark skull sugar us ask dull dad flag harsh
Clara was excited when winter came. Cold winds swept across vast cities, covering streets with wet snow. She could craft candles, wrap boxes, and mix wax with colors carefully. While writing, Clara waved across the window, watching clouds crawl across the wide sky. Exact choices create calm concentration, and each word connects with care. Clever actions win success, while extra work carves character. We can excel with constant practice, switching swiftly between words and actions. When we work with focus, we create excellent control, which expands with every click and key press.
🧠 Left-Hand Typing Drill (Focus: X, C, W)
Clara was excited when winter came. Cold winds swept across vast cities, covering streets with wet snow. She could craft candles, wrap boxes, and mix wax with colors carefully. While writing, Clara waved across the window, watching clouds crawl across the wide sky. Exact choices create calm concentration, and each word connects with care. Clever actions win success, while extra work carves character. We can excel with constant practice, switching swiftly between words and actions. When we work with focus, we create excellent control, which expands with every click and key press.
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The Benefits of Homeownership: A Comparative Essay
Owning a home is more than a financial milestone — it’s a foundation for stability, autonomy, and long-term security. Whether purchased as a new build, a second-hand property, or constructed from the ground up on purchased land, each path to homeownership offers distinct advantages and trade-offs, particularly in terms of affordability and control.
New Build Homes: Modernity at a Premium
New build homes appeal to buyers seeking modern design, energy efficiency, and minimal maintenance. These properties often come with warranties, smart technology, and compliance with the latest building regulations. However, they tend to be priced at a premium. Developers factor in construction costs, marketing, and profit margins, which can inflate prices beyond the value of the land and materials. Additionally, new estates may lack mature infrastructure or community character, requiring time to settle into a cohesive neighbourhood.
Second-Hand Homes: Character and Cost Efficiency
Second-hand homes typically offer better affordability, especially in established areas with existing amenities. Buyers may benefit from larger plots, mature gardens, and architectural charm. However, older homes often require renovation, insulation upgrades, or compliance retrofits, which can erode initial savings. Still, for those willing to invest in improvements over time, second-hand properties offer flexibility and potential for value appreciation.
Self-Build Homes: Customization and Cost Control
For those with vision and patience, self-build homes on purchased land present a compelling alternative. This route allows complete control over design, materials, and layout, tailored to personal needs and lifestyle. While the process demands significant planning and regulatory navigation, the cost per square meter is often lower than buying a comparable finished home. Moreover, self-builds can incorporate sustainable technologies from the outset, reducing long-term energy costs. The key challenge lies in securing suitable land and managing the build efficiently — tasks that require diligence but reward with a truly bespoke living space.
Conclusion
Homeownership offers emotional and financial benefits across all formats. New builds promise convenience and efficiency, second-hand homes offer affordability and character, and self-builds deliver customization and cost control. The optimal path depends on individual priorities — whether budget, design, or long-term investment. In all cases, owning a home transforms housing from a monthly expense into a lasting asset, anchoring one’s future with both shelter and equity.
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The day of-the University Boat Race is-the first out-door spring holiday, and-through-the weather may-be unsatisfactory, the crowd on-the rover and tow-path is an immense | and motley one. Here we-have-the Parliamentary hand, the insurance broker, the compiler of prospectuses and amalgamation schemes, the arbitrator engaged in arbitration cases, members of-the legislature who- | have turned their backs on legislative matters for a short-time, the administrator and-the administratrix; there we-have ladies in-the height of fashion full of enthusiasm for-the | success of-their favourites; the mischievous errand boys with their baskets over-their shoulders, whose mischief is excusable for-once; indeed, all-sorts and conditions of influential and uninfluential persons, | each of-whom has probably decided his or her choice in a most arbitrary manner. The newspaper reporter is there with-his pencil and book jotting down any matters of- | moment in-the characters which delight the hearts of all Pitmanites. The result of-the race is sent by telegraphic communication, both telegram and cable, to all parts of-the | globe. Undoubtedly people think more of-the-manner of winning than of-the prize at stake, and-thus the boat race exemplifies the saying of-the-most lovable of all | Scotsmen, Robert Louis Stevenson, who wrote: "Our business in-this world is-not to succeed, but to continue to fail in good spirits." Here we-have a splendid motto to- | remember in-our everyday life and in-our pastimes.
At a quarterly gathering of-our scientific society the university lecturer said an intelligible reason could-be given for-his theory of economics, but the universality of-its acceptance by | economists was-not-to-be expected in-our present state-of-knowledge. On a future occasion he-is to-lecture on-the-subject of a minimum wage for workers. He-| is acknowledged to be a capable economist and a most excellent lecturer and writer on-the-subject for-which his name is famous.
The prospectus which-you forwarded yesterday, in | acknowledgement of-mine of-last Monday, is unquestionably very unsatisfactory howsoever it-may-be considered. The amalgamation of two such prodigious concerns is very undesirable, and-the intelligence of-prospective | insurers should warn them of-the disadvantages of insuring under their tables. In-our fifteen years, and it-is | questionable if-you-can secure better terms through any other English office. From-the-enclosed cutting you-will-find that-the administrator and administratrix, who you-mention, were punished for | fraud in-connection with-the estate.
You are so awesome! I am such a slow typer, so when I saw you type for the first time, I was mind-blown. I don’t know how your fingers move like that. It’s such a subtle flex to be able to type that fast. You’re mucho cool! I love you!
En el principio era el Verbo, y el Verbo era con Dios, y el Verbo era Dios. 2 Este era en el principio con Dios. 3 Todas las cosas por el fueron hechas, y sin el nada de lo que ha sido hecho, fue hecho. 4 En el estaba la vida, y la vida era la luz de los hombres. 5 La luz en las tinieblas resplandece, y las tinieblas no prevalecieron contra ella.
6 Hubo un hombre enviado de Dios, el cual se llamaba Juan. 7 Este vino por testimonio, para que diese testimonio de la luz, a fin de que todos creyesen por el. 8 No era el la luz, sino para que diese testimonio de la luz.
9 Aquella luz verdadera, que alumbra a todo hombre, venia a este mundo. 10 En el mundo estaba, y el mundo por el fue hecho pero el mundo no le conocio. 11 A lo suyo vino, y los suyos no le recivieron. 12 Mas a todos los que le recibieron, a los que creen en su nombre, les dio potestad de ser hechos hijos de Dios; 13 los cuales no son engendrados de sangre, ni de voluntad de carne, ni de voluntad de varon, sino de Dios.
14 Y aquel Verbo fue hecho carne, y habito entre nosotros (y vimos su gloria, gloria como del unigenito del Padre), lleno de Gracia y de Verdad. 15 Juan dio testimonio de el, y clamo diciendo: Este es de quien yo decia: El que viene despues de mi, es antes de mi; porque era primero que yo. 16 Porque de su plenitude tomamos todos, y Gracia sobre Gracia. 17 Pues la ley por medio de Moises fue dada, pero la Gracia y la Verdad vinieron por medio de Jesucristo 18 A Dios nadie le vio jamas; el unigenito Hijo, que esta en el seno del Padre, el le ha dado a conocer.
19 Este es el testimonio de Juan, cuando los judios enviaron de Jerusalen sacerdotes y levitas para que le preguntasen: Tu, quien eres? 10 Confeso, y no nego, sino confeso: Yo no soy el Cristo. 21 Y le preguntaron: Que pues? Eres tu Elias? Dijo: No soy. Eres tu el Profeta? Y respondio: No. 22 Le dijeron: Pues quien eres? Para que demos respuesta a los que nos enviaron. Que dices de ti mismo? 23 Dijo: Yo soy la voz de uno que clama en el Desierto: Enderezad el camino del Senor, como dijo el Profeta Isaias.
24 Y los que habian sido enviados eran de los fariseos. 25 Y le preguntaron, y le dijeron: Por que, pues, bautizas, si tu no eres el Cristo, ni Elias, ni el Profeta? 26 Juan les respondio diciendo: Yo bautizo con agua; mas en medio de vosotros esta uno a quien vosotros no conoceis. 27 Este es el que viene despues de mi, el que es antes de mi, del cual yo no soy digno de desatar la correa del calzado. 28 Estas cosas sucedieron en Betabara, al otro lado del Jordan, donde Juan estaba bautizando.
29 El siguiente dia vio Juan a Jesus que venia a el, y dijo: He aqui el Cordero de Dios, que quita el pecado del mundo. 30 Este es aquel de quien yo dije: Despues de mi viene un varon, el cual es antes de mi; porque era primero que yo. 31 Y yo no le conocia; mas para que fuese manifestado a Israel, por esto vine yo bautizando con agua. 32 Tambien dio Juan testimonio, diciendo: Vi al Espiritu que descendia del Cielo como paloma, y permanecio sobre el. 33 Y yo no le conocia; pero el que me envio a bautizar con agua, aquel me dijo: Sobre quien veas descender el Espiritu y que permanece sobre el, ese es el que bautiza con el Espiritu Santo. 34 Y yo le vi, y he dado testimonio de que este es el Hijo de Dios.
35 El siguiente dia otra vez estaba Juan, y dos de sus discipulos. 36 Y Mirando a Jesus que andaba por alli, dijo: He aqui el Cordero de Dios. 37 Le oyeron hablar los dos discipulos, y siguieron a Jesus. 38 Y volviendose Jesus, y viendo que le seguian, les dijo: Que buscais? Ellos le dijeron: Rabi (que traducido es, Maestro), donde moras? 39 Les dijo: Venid y ved. Fueron, y vieron donde moraba, y se quedaron con el aquel dia; porque era como la hora decima. 40 Andres, hermano de Simon Pedro, era uno de los dos que habian oido a Juan, y habian seguido a Jesus. 41 Este hallo primero a su Hermano simon, y le dijo: Hemos hallado al Mesias (que traducido es, el Cristo). 42 Y le trajo a Jesus. Y mirandole Jesus, dijo: Tu eres Simon, hijo de Jonas; tu seras llamado Cefas (que quiere decir, Pedro).
43 El siguiente dia quiso Jesus ir a Galilea, y hallo a Felipe, y le dio: Sigueme. 44 Y felipe era de betsaida, la ciudad de Andres y Pedro. 45 Felipe hallo a Natanael, y le dijo: hemos hallado a aquel de quien escribio Moises en la ley, asi como los profetas: a Jesus, el hidjo de Jose, de Nazaret. 46 Natanael le dijo: De Nazaret puede salir algo de bueno? Le dijo Felipe: Ven y ve. 47 cuando Jesus vio a Natanael que se le acercaba, dijo de el: He aqui un verdadero israelita, en quien no hay engano. 48 Le dijo Natanael: De donde me conoces? Respondio Jesus y le dijo: Antes que Felipe te llamara, cuando estabas ddebajo de la Higuera, te vi. 49 Respondio Natanael y le dijo: Rabi, tu eres el HIjo de Dios; tu eres el Rey de Israel. 50 Respondio Jesus y le dijo: Porue te dije: Te vi debajo de la Higuera, crees? Cosas mayores que estas veras. 51 Y le dio: De cierto, de cierto os digo: de aqui en Adelante vereis el Cielo Abierto, y a los angeles de Dios que suben y descienden sobre el hijo del Hombre.
a fish is an aquatic, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fins and a hard skull, but lacking limbs with digits. Fish can be grouped into the more basal jawless fish and the more common jawed fish, the latter including all living cartilaginous and bony fish, as well as the extinct placoderms and acanthodians.
